Risks & Prevention
We know more about HIV than we did even ten years ago. That means we can take steps to decrease our risks and stop the spread of the virus. There are certain activities that are considered higher-risk, yet with the right tools, we can minimise our risks.
What are high-risk events?
- Unprotected anal or vaginal sex
- Sharing contaminated needles, syringes, and other drug injection equipment
- Sharing contaminated sex toys
- Receiving unsafe injections, blood transfusions, and tissue transplantation
- Medical procedures using unsterilised equipment
- Accidental needle stick injuries among health workers
How can I protect myself and prevent the spread of HIV?
The best ways to protect yourself are through avoiding sharing needles or other drug injection equipment, and using condoms correctly during any sexual encounter. Additionally, there are now HIV prevention medicines out there, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP).
Getting tested regularly and knowing your HIV status also empowers you in taking steps to avoid contracting or passing on the virus.
When should I get tested for HIV?
The WHO advises people who are exposed to risk events/activities to get screened at least once a year.
Can I have unprotected sex if I am HIV positive?
When people with HIV take effective treatment, the amount of the virus in their body fluids decreases to the point where they cannot pass HIV on to their sexual partner(s). PrEP or PEP can also help protect your partner(s) if taken as instructed.
HIV is preventable, and there are numerous ways to reduce your risk. Additionally, early detection can lead to early treatment and better outcomes, allowing individuals with HIV to live long, normal, healthy lives.
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